Introduction The plants are arranged in a tower-like arrangement in the physical layout. This reduces the amount of space needed to cultivate plants. Using both natural and artificial light, the plants are then kept in a perfect habitat for their optimal development. The third parameter is the growing medium for the plants. As a substitute for soil, aeroponic, hydroponic, or aquaponic growth mediums are employed. Techniques of Vertical Farming 1. Hydroponics It is a method of

Introduction It is the harmonious integration of landscape and people — providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a sustainable way. Permaculture is a phrase that refers to a systematic method of agriculture and habitation that reflects the interdependence and sustainability of natural ecosystems. Permaculture can be contrasted with intensive agriculture, which eventually renders land unsustainable for cultivation, thus depleting avai

What is National Green Tribunal? The National Green Tribunal was established on October 18, 2010, under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, to resolve cases involving environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources, as well as enforcing any legal right relating to the environment and providing relief and compensation for damages to persons and property, as well as matters connected with or incidental to those cases. It is a specialised body

In its most literal sense, the term "environment" refers to "surroundings" (environs). An individual's, object's, element's, or system's environment includes all other things with whom it interacts. Individuals, things, elements, and systems rarely exist in isolation; instead, they interact with their environment to varying degrees. The environment, therefore, encompasses everything that surrounds or affects an organism during the course of its life. The term "environment"

A biosphere is an area of the earth that can support life and is also referred to as the ecosphere. It is the sum total of all ecosystems such as the atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water), and lithosphere (rock) which exist together in a highly integrated and interacting manner. The earth's biosphere is estimated to have evolved at least 3.5 billion years ago by a process known as biopoiesis (the formation of life naturally from non-living components such as simple organic mo

In 1869, Ernest Haeckel coined the term "ecology" which is derived from two Greek words: "oikos," and "logos," roughly translating into the study of habitats. Ecology can be defined as the study of how organisms interact with their environment and how organisms adapt to their environments through effective resource utilisation. Ecology helps in understanding the life's processes of organisms in relation to its environment and how organisms adapt to their changing habitat. It