What are Cut Motions? Cut motions are a tool the opposition uses to limit government spending in the political and economic context of India. Although they are difficult to pass, these motions have the potential to lower the grant amount recommended for each ministry. There are three different kinds of cut motions: token cut motions, economy cut motions, and policy cut motions. Although each motion has a different function, they all strive to cut back on government spending.

What are Geographical Indications? The term "geographical indication" (GI) refers to a type of intellectual property that identifies a product as coming from a particular geographical location and as possessing certain qualities, reputation, or characteristics that are primarily attributable to the geographic origin. Geographical Indications are also abbreviated as "GIs." The protection afforded by GI grants legal recognition and protection to the manufacturers of the product

Introduction Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a value-added tax (VAT) that is applied to the sale of goods and services in India. It was introduced in 2017 and replaced several indirect taxes that were previously levied by the central and state governments, including the Central Sales Tax, VAT, and service tax. GST is levied on the supply of goods and services, and it is designed to be a comprehensive, destination-based tax that is applied at every stage of the supply chain. U

Introduction During the colonial period, the commercialization of Indian agriculture was driven primarily by the needs and interests of the British Empire. The British government implemented a range of policies and regulations that aimed to increase agricultural production and make the Indian economy more dependent on exports to Britain. One of the key policies was the Permanent Settlement of 1793, which aimed to increase revenue for the British government by encouraging the

Participatory notes, also known as P-notes or offshore derivative instruments (ODIs), are financial instruments that are issued by foreign investors to Indian investors. These instruments allow Indian investors to invest in the Indian stock market without having to go through the time-consuming and costly process of registering with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Instead, the foreign investors who issue the P-notes are registered with SEBI, and the Indian

State Bank of India (SBI) is the largest public sector bank in India, with over 22,000 branches and 58,000 ATMs across the country. It was founded in 1806 as the Bank of Calcutta, and has since grown to become a leading financial institution in India, offering a wide range of banking and financial services to its customers. State Bank of India (SBI) in its modern avatar was formed in 1955 through the amalgamation of eight state-owned banks. These banks were the Bank of Bombay

Introduction Inclusive Development refers to including everyone in India's growth narrative. Growth without inclusiveness is hollow and futile. In terms of quantitative growth, India has made great strides, yet a significant portion of its people is still marginalised. India must prioritise inclusive policymaking so that everyone can participate in and benefit from progress. It is now well recognised that if a significant portion of society is marginalised and excluded, meani

Introduction The utilisation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale for industrial purposes is known as nanotechnology, or just nanotech. The initial and most popular definition of nanotechnology, currently known as molecular nanotechnology, focused on the specific technological objective of accurately manipulating atoms and molecules for the creation of macroscale objects. Governments have poured billions of dollars towards the study of nanotechnology be

Introduction Fortification is the intentional addition of one or more micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) to a food or condiment in order to improve the nutritional quality of the food supply and provide a public health benefit with minimal risk to health. In addition to increasing the nutritional value of staple foods, the addition of micronutrients can restore micronutrients lost during processing. Fortification is an intervention supported by evidence that aids in the p

Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that enables companies to be socially accountable to themselves, their stakeholders, and the general public. By engaging in corporate social responsibility, also known as corporate citizenship, businesses can be conscious of the impact they have on the economic, social, and environmental aspects of society. CSR denotes that, in the normal course of business, a firm operates in ways that con

Introduction Money is no longer paper and coins. It is becoming increasingly digital, and an increasing number of central banks are contemplating the issuing of their own digital currencies. Digital currency is simply electronic money as opposed to physical currency. Central bank Digital currencies are the digital equivalents of a nation's physical currency, such as a digital dollar, euro, pound, or rupee. The central banks issuing and managing these digital currencies are na

Introduction As defined in the World Bank report titled "Innovation Policy - A Guide for Developing Countries,"innovation involves the process of creating a new idea in a given context and its successful dissemination into the society. It opens up new venues for economic growth and is necessary for inclusive social development. Innovation is useful only when an entrepreneur can find ways to commercialise the idea and deliver it to all sections of the society. Technological ad

Introduction The goal of minimum wages is to protect workers from unfairly low pay. They contribute to ensuring a just and equitable share of the fruits of progress for all, as well as a minimum living wage for all employed and in need of such protection. Minimum wages can also be part of a policy to combat poverty and reduce inequality, including inequality between men and women. 79 percent of workers were employed in establishments with fewer than ten employees. The central

Introduction In a gig economy, temporary, flexible jobs are commonplace and companies tend to hire independent contractors and freelancers instead of full-time employees. A gig economy undermines the conventional economy of full-time employees, who often prioritise professional advancement. The rapidly burgeoning gig workforce is ushering in a new economic revolution globally. India is the new frontier of this revolution due to its demographic dividend of a half-billion labou

Introduction LSD is caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), which is a member of the poxviridae family and the capripoxvirus genus. Other members of the genus capripoxvirus include the sheeppox virus and the goatpox virus. The LSDV mostly affects cattle, including the cow, its offspring, and Asian water buffaloes. According to a 2021 study by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), LSD epidemics occur many years apart. According to the paper, neithe

Introduction India is the world’s biggest producer of jute , followed by Bangladesh. West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Andhra Pradesh are the main growing regions for jute. India's jute industry has been around for 150 years. Jute production is a labour intensive industry. In West Bengal alone, it employs roughly 2 lakh people, and there are 4 lakh people employed nationwide. The Golden Fibre The second-most common natural fibre in the world is jute. High te

Introduction Subhash Palekar, Maharashtra based agriculturist and Padma Shri recipient, popularised zero-budget natural farming (ZBNF), which refers to the process of growing crops without the use of chemical fertilisers, pesticides, or any other external materials. Farmers instead use low-cost locally sourced natural concoctions, inoculums, and decoctions made from cow dung, urine, jaggery, lilac, green chilies, and a variety of other natural ingredients. The term 'Zero Budg

Introduction The history of both public and private banking in India is extensive. In the 18th century, the English Agency House was established in Calcutta and Bombay, marking the beginning of modern banking in India. In the early 19th century, three Presidency banks were established. After the implementation of limited liability in 1860, private banks and international banks joined the market. At the beginning of the 20th century, joint stock banks were introduced. In 1935

Introduction This is a novel monetary policy tool aimed at reviving a faltering economy. It entails the printing of large amounts of money and distributing them to the general public. This term was coined by American economist Milton Friedman. It is a term that refers to a helicopter dropping money from the sky. Friedman used the term to signify "unexpectedly dumping money onto a struggling economy with the intention to shock it out of a deep slump."Under such a policy, a cen

Introduction The Prime Minister's clarion call for a 'AatmaNirbhar Bharat' envisions policies to promote the country's manufacturing sector as efficient, equitable, and resilient. Growth in industrial goods production and exports will expose the Indian industry to more foreign competition and ideas, which will aid in improving its ability to innovate further. The promotion of the manufacturing sector and the establishment of a conducive manufacturing ecosystem will not only e

Introduction India, without a doubt, suffers greatly from the unequal distribution of water resources. Water availability varies significantly between the deserts of the west and the hills of the north. However, the real water management challenge in India is that the country's climate is characterised by monsoons. Half of the annual precipitation occurs over a 15-day period. Over 90% of river run-off occurs during the four monsoon months. This results in India being both wat

Introduction India has enormous mineral potential, as its prospective geology is broadly similar to Western Australia's, particularly in terms of iron ore, bauxite, coal, diamonds, and heavy minerals sand. India has designated 5.71 lakh square kilometres as an area of obvious geological potential (OGP), but only 10% of it has been explored and only 1.5% is being mined. Five major mineral-producing states, namely Odisha, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka,

Introduction Cotton is India's most significant commercial crop. It is widely considered the King of Textile Fibers, making major contributions to the national economy. It provides sustainable livelihoods for millions of rural and urban populations. Background The cotton textile industry is one of India's traditional industries. It was only a cottage industry throughout the ancient and mediaeval periods. India was famed across the globe for producing muslin, a particularly fi

Introduction The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBM) was passed in 2003. The Act's goal is to ensure intergenerational equity in fiscal management, long-run macroeconomic stability, better coordination of fiscal and monetary policy, and transparency in the government's fiscal operations. It establishes a legal and institutional foundation for fiscal consolidation. The Central Government is now required to take steps to reduce the fiscal deficit, eliminate t