Introduction The issue of NCT has been a source of contention for quite some time. It is complicated because it not only creates tension between the centre and the states, essentially undermining the federal spirit, but it also creates a power struggle between the executive, or LG, and the elected representative government. Federalism Federalism is a form of political structure that binds distinct polities together within a larger political framework while allowing each to re

Introduction Supercomputers have gained prominence across the world due to its immense contribution in multiple areas. Multiple sets of data and information may be analysed by supercomputers to provide potentially life-changing solutions. India's pursuit of supercomputing for use in weather forecasting began in the early 1980s. The National Supercomputing Mission was announced in 2015 with the goal of connecting national academic and R&D institutions to a grid of more than 70

Introduction Question hour is the liveliest hour in Parliament. Members of Parliament question ministers during this hour and hold them accountable regarding the functioning of their respective ministries. MPs' questions are intended to elicit information and prompt appropriate action by ministries. It is regulated according to parliamentary rules. It is mentioned in the rules and procedures of the house. Three distinct types of questions are asked Starred question (distingu

Introduction Tribal people are distinct. They are not necessarily inferior; they have their way of life that must be respected and protected rather than being mainstreamed into the mainstream concept of so-called development. Development for all does not have the same connotation, and imposing the majority's idea is a direct assault on their individuality, diversity, and, most importantly, human rights. We must recognise that we cannot continue to interfere with their livelih

Introduction The Prime Minister's clarion call for a 'AatmaNirbhar Bharat' envisions policies to promote the country's manufacturing sector as efficient, equitable, and resilient. Growth in industrial goods production and exports will expose the Indian industry to more foreign competition and ideas, which will aid in improving its ability to innovate further. The promotion of the manufacturing sector and the establishment of a conducive manufacturing ecosystem will not only e

Introduction At this point, it's hard to picture a world without the internet. Since its inception as a platform for everything from personal to commercial communication to social networking and virtual hangouts, the internet has become indispensable. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have cemented their position as a necessary component of modern life. Many people's lives have been transformed by the Internet, Every day, more and more individuals are turning

Introduction The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was launched to Increase the emphasis on hygiene and achieve universal sanitation throughout the country. The mission's first phase was implemented as a nationwide campaign from 2014 to 2019, with the goal of eliminating open defecation in rural areas through mass-scale behaviour change, the construction of household-owned and community-owned toilets, and the implementation of techniques for monitoring toilet construction and usage

Introduction Food security, as defined by the United Nations’ Committee on World Food Security, means that all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life. Only in the midst of the worldwide food crisis in the mid-1970s did the idea of food security emerge as a concept. At first, the primary priority was on ensuring international and

Introduction Food processing refers to any process in which a raw product from agriculture, dairy, animal husbandry, meat, poultry, or fishing is transformed through a process (involving employees, power, machines, or money) in a way that its original physical properties change and this transformed product adds commercial value. It leads to value addition- by techniques such as preservation, the addition of food additives, drying, and so on, to effectively preserve food ingre

Introduction According to Kul C. Gautam, former UNICEF Deputy Executive Director, "the 'hidden hunger' caused by micronutrient deficiency does not produce hunger as we know it." You may not feel it in your stomach, but it affects your overall health and vitality." Our priority should be to ensure that everyone has enough food to eat. However, we must also address a type of hunger that goes unnoticed, known as hidden hunger, which, unlike the gnawing hunger of a lack of food,

Introduction According to the National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR), there are 17,914 street children or "children in street situations" in the country. An age breakdown revealed that the largest group of children living on the streets, 7,522 children, are between the ages of 8 - 13, followed by 3,954 children between the ages of 4 to 7. According to the data, Maharashtra has the most street children (4,952), followed by Gujarat (1,990), Tamil Nadu (1

Introduction Hydrogen is the most abundant and simplest element in the universe. On Earth, however, it is rarely found as a gas; therefore, it must be separated from other elements. White hydrogen is a naturally occurring form that is occasionally found underground, but there are few viable extraction methods; therefore, experts seek to generate it artificially. Hydrogen can be derived from a variety of resources, such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, biomass, and renewable e

Introduction The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of 56 independent and equal countries. The member governments have shared goals of development, democracy and peace. The values and principles are expressed in the Commonwealth Charter. The 1949 London Declaration established existing framework. The Commonwealth is headed by Queen Elizabeth II. The Commonwealth now includes many nations from Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, and the Pacific. There are 56 countries in

What is Artificial Intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the term used to describe a machine's capacity to carry out cognitive functions like reasoning, perception, learning, and decision-making. Deep learning and machine learning are included under the general term AI. A technology of the twenty-first century, artificial intelligence is revolutionising many facets of existence. It makes it possible for individuals to better integrate information, analyse data, and make de

Introduction The fact that the Parliament meets three times a year, for the Budget, Monsoon, and Winter Sessions, is known to us as citizens. This portion of the legislative session is broadcast and highly followed. The Parliament does, however, have another space where a sizable portion of its work is accomplished. These are referred to as parliamentary committees. A standing committee in the Indian Parliament is one made up of MPs, or Members of Parliament. It is a permanen

Introduction FLN refers to the ability among children to read with meaning and solve basic math problems by the end of Class 3. These are essential gateway skills that, as the terminology suggests, serve as the basis upon which children build their lives. The successful acquisition of FLN enables children to learn more meaningfully as they advance to higher grades and equips them with essential 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking and problem solving, which is imper

The Lokpal institution is a tool for preventing corruption and fostering an effective and accountable government in India. The word "Lokpal" means "caretaker of people" or "people's friend" in Sanskrit. Both the Lokpal and the Lokayukta investigate allegations of corruption on a state and federal level, respectively. It enables allegations of corruption against the prime minister, other ministers, MPs, and group A, B, C, and D personnel of the central government to be filed w

Introduction Sex workers fall amongst the most vulnerable groups – they are victims of violence and sexual abuse. The gravity of the problem is when the crime is reported rather than being seen as a prey they are seen as predator themselves. A research study by World Health Organisation reported that 70% of sex workers in India were beaten by the police and more than 80% were arrested without evidence and violence is perpetuated by the prejudice that is linked to the percept

Introduction The Ministery of Women and Child Development has released a report on the Status of Women in Media in South Asia. The Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) prepared the report, which was sponsored by UNESCO. Inequalities based on caste, class, religion, ethnicity, and location are exacerbated throughout the South Asian region by severe gender-based discrimination that stifles progress and development for both girls and boys. Existing evidence indicates th

Introduction Para-diplomacy, as practised by sub-state governments, presents the concept of decentralisation of political power to make regional governments significant players in the international arena. Paradiplomacy also referred to as "state diplomacy," "regional diplomacy," and "subnational diplomacy," focuses on the ability of subnational governments to conduct foreign policy. Paradiplomacy creates space for external relations of subnational or federal units that might

Introduction Global transportation sector is facing three major challenges, namely depletion of fossil fuels, volatility in crude oil prices and stringent environmental regulations. Alternative fuels specific to geographies can address these issues. Ethanol is considered to be one of most suitable alternative blending, transportation fuel due to its better fuel quality (ethanol has a higher octane number) and environmental benefits. Our nation's energy demand is increasing du

Introduction 'India and the Arctic: Building a Partnership for Sustainable Development,' India's Arctic policy, lays out six pillars: strengthening India's scientific research and cooperation, climate and environmental protection, economic and human development, transportation and connectivity, governance and international cooperation, and national capacity building in the Arctic region. Multiple stakeholders, including academia, the research community, business, and industry

Introduction Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal or SYL, is an under-construction 214-kilometer long canal in India to connect the Sutlej and Yamuna rivers. The canal is being built with aim to share the waters of the rivers Ravi and Beas between the states of Haryana and Punjab. Background The Indus basin was divided after the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, with Pakistan having lower reaches of the Indus River and its tributaries and India gaining the upper reaches of Ravi, B

Introduction Although global policy emphasises "inclusive development," factions in every country feel excluded from development efforts. Ineffective and corrupt governance breeds extremism and militancy. Injustice, misgovernance, and the system's unwillingness to engage the marginalised,pull people to violence and extremism. Extremist operations are vast, and their acts threaten social, economic, and political growth. Political theorists say extremism ranges from defending