Introduction Genetic engineering is the process of modifying the genetic makeup of an organism, whether it is an animal, a plant, or a bacterium, with the use of technology. This can be accomplished through the use of recombinant DNA (rDNA), which is DNA obtained from two or more distinct organisms and then combined into a single molecule, according to the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). In the early 1970s, recombinant DNA technology was developed, and the f

Introduction Gene therapy is the process of delivering therapeutic DNA into the cells of a patient in order to treat disease with DNA as a drug. It is most frequently used to replace a faulty gene with DNA encoding a functional, therapeutic gene. Alternatively, a mutation can be corrected directly or a patient can be treated with DNA encoding a therapeutic protein medicine (rather than a genuine human gene). Gene therapy involves packaging DNA encoding a therapeutic protein i

Why was Human Genome Project Started? The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research endeavour that attempted to determine the base pairs that make up human DNA and map them for their functions and corresponding attribution to physical features. It is the world's largest collective biological project whose planning began in 1990 and it was declared complete on April 14, 2003. It achieved the "whole genome" sequence in May 2021. It was a 13-year collab