Introduction Genetic engineering is the process of modifying the genetic makeup of an organism, whether it is an animal, a plant, or a bacterium, with the use of technology. This can be accomplished through the use of recombinant DNA (rDNA), which is DNA obtained from two or more distinct organisms and then combined into a single molecule, according to the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). In the early 1970s, recombinant DNA technology was developed, and the f