Introduction Mahajanapadas meaning "Great Kingdoms" (from Maha, "great," and Janapada "foothold of a tribe," "country") Before and during the emergence of Buddhism in India in the sixth century BCE, sixteen monarchies and'republics' spanned the Indo-Gangetic plains from modern-day Afghanistan to Bangladesh. They depict a shift from a semi-nomadic tribal civilization to an agrarian-based society with an extensive trading network and a highly organised polity. Throughout the si

Indian freedom struggle can be subdivided into three phases. The first phase is the moderate phase which as the name suggests was moderate both in terms of means and methods. The second phase is characterised by extremism, extremists took an aggressive stance against the British rule and did not hesitate in resorting to extra-constitutional or non-constitutional methods of agitation. The third and last phase is the Gandhian phase which is characterised by mass struggle. The h

The Bahmani kingdom was created by Ala-ud-din Hasan. He rose to prominence in the service of a guy named Gangu, earning him the moniker Hasan Gangu. When he ascended to the throne in 1347, he took the name Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah. His dynasty was dubbed the Bahmani. The Bahmani empire lasted 180 years, from 1347 to 1527. The kingdom's capitals were Gulbarga and afterwards Bidar. The kingdom extended throughout northern Deccan, all the way to the Krishna River. The kingdom's tw

The Gupta Empire ruled India between the early fourth and late sixth centuries CE. It ruled a large portion of the Indian subcontinent between 319 and 467 CE. Historians refer to this time period as India's Golden Age. The empire's ruling family was established by King Sri Gupta and included Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta II alias Vikramaditya. Chandra Gupta-I Gupta Chandra-I founded the Gupta dynasty. Sri Gupta, the first known king of the Gupta line, was his

THE SIXTEEN MAHAJANAPADAS In Indian history, the sixth century B.C. is regarded as a turning point. The formation of early governments and towns, as well as the increased use of iron and the introduction of metal coinage, occurred during this time. As different schools of thought such as Buddhism and Jainism developed, they saw a lot of human activity. The mahajanapadas, or sixteen states, are mentioned in early Buddhist and Jain writings. Names like Vajji, Magadha, Koshala,

The Rigvedic Society The society was male dominant, where the father was the family's head and was known as 'grihapati and dampati. Families with a common origin created clans called kulas, which were controlled by a kulapati. Varna System The major social development was the Varna system. Traditionally, varnas were classified according to their complexion, separating society into Sveta varna (Aryans) and Krishna varna (non-Aryans). It was related to the profession in the sec

The Brahmo Samaj Movement's inflexions occurred in Maharashtra. Maharashtra's reformers desired a similar organisation to the Brahmo Samaj. In 1867, Keshab Chandra Sen, Atmaram Pandurang, and RG Bhandarkar founded Prarthana Bombay, which included MG Ranade as a member. The Prarthana Samaj's adherents did not regard themselves as members of a new sect operating independently and alongside the larger Hindu body, but as members of a movement within it. The Prarthana Samajists we

Who was Rammohan Roy? Rammohan Roy relocated to Murshidabad in Bengal following the death of his father in 1803. In 1804, he published Tuhafat-ul Muhawiddin, a pamphlet in Persian. In 1815, he settled in Calcutta and began his career as a religious reformer. Atmiya Sabha: He founded the Atmiya Sabha and began translating the Upanishads into English and Bengali in order to bring to light the evils and abuses that had crept into the original Hindu faith. Sufi & Islam: He read t