Background The AFSPA was introduced in 1947 as a reincarnation of the British-era legislation designed to stifle uprisings during the Quit India movement. In 1948, the ordinances were repealed by an Act, and in 1958, the then-Home Minister, G.B. Pant, put the current statute effective in the Northeast into Parliament. Initially known as the Armed Forces (Assam and Manipur) Special Powers Act, 1958, it was enacted in 1958. The Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958 prov

Introduction: The Quit India Movement has rightly been described as the most massive anti-imperialist struggle. In 1942, the year that the movement was launched and the next five years witnessed unparalleled and tumultuous events in the political history of India. Gandhi delivered his famous "Do or Die" speech, arguing that this was the final battle- a "fight to the finish"-and so the Indians must win independence or give up their lives for it. This fired the imagination of a

Indian society represented a conflicting position of women vacillating between patriarchal and matriarchal extremes. While Sati - the barbarous practise that denied woman life on its own, tying her to the innate presence of her husband even in his life after death - dominated the core of Hinduism. On the other hand emphasis was placed on female goddesses like Laxmi, Shakti and Sati to narrate the stories of courage sacrifice and compassion.The Hindu women became an ideal symb