“The ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions” ~Salovey and Mayer
Salovey & Mayer Four Branch Model
Salovey and Mayer developed the Four Branch Model of Emotional Intelligence. The four branches consist of:
Emotional Perception and Expression
Emotional Facilitation of Thought (Using Emotional Intelligence)
Emotional Understanding
Emotional Management
According to Daniel Goleman, an American psychologist who popularised emotional intelligence, it consists of five fundamental components:
Self-awareness.
Self-regulation.
Motivation.
Empathy.
Social skills.
Can one learn Emotional Intelligence?
One can begin by learning to recognise and understand one's emotions. If one can identify the emotion they are experiencing, they have a higher chance of regulating it. Additionally, one can improve their ability to regulate emotions simply by stopping and thinking before acting or judging. These abilities will work towards developing a martial inner resolve. So by understanding our emotions we can comprehend, predict and regulate our reactions to them.
Without acting at the spur of the moment, not to be a slave of emotions but mastering them should be the objective. Keeping in mind the situation and consequences, we must master our emotions. People who are skilled in this field recognise that certain emotional states are better suited for specific results than others. It refers to enhancing the cognitive aspect of emotions and adapting accordingly.
Significance
“The emotionally intelligent person is skilled in four areas: identifying emotions, using emotions, understanding emotions, and regulating emotions.” — John Mayer and Peter Salovey
The emotionally intelligent are acutely aware of their own emotional states, including negative ones—ranging from frustration to sorrow to something more subtle. They are able to identify and comprehend their emotions, and being able to name an emotion aids in its management. As a result, emotionally intelligent people have a strong sense of identity and are realistic about themselves.
A person with a high EQ does not act rashly or impulsively. They pause before acting. This translates into consistent emotion regulation, or the capacity to lessen the intensity of emotion. Down-regulation is the process of reducing one's anger or anxiety. The emotionally intelligent person has the ability to change gears and lighten the mood both inwardly and externally.
These individuals are particularly attuned to the emotions of others. It's reasonable that being sensitive to emotional cues emanating from within and from one's social environment could help one be a better friend, parent, leader.
These people can mobilise and use their emotions, and they are motivated to manage tasks and solve problems. They are tied to who they are. They are more self-aware, and they understand the goal of self-actualization. They are aware of what they value in life, all of which is necessary for prioritising and achieving any target or goal. Knowing what is important is critical for productivity.
Emotional Intelligence in Civil Services
Better Communication
Policy Targeting
Enhanced Leadership
A better judge of the character of individuals and efficient delegation
Improved Decision Making
Stress Management
Empathy with the public at large
Better Problem Solving
Composure and Calmness in face of difficulties
Rule Your Feelings, Lest Your Feelings Rule You. — Publilius Syrus