top of page


How the Scramble for Africa Shaped Modern Borders
Introduction Africa is a continent of vibrant cultures, ancient civilizations, and breathtaking diversity—but if you glance at a map,...


The Big Bang: What Really Happened in the First Second?
That might sound like a line from a science fiction film, but it’s actually the best way we can describe the beginning of the universe as...


The Silk Road’s Influence on Fashion, Food, and Art: A Journey Beyond Trade
Introduction When we hear “Silk Road,” we often picture dusty caravans, precious silks, and exotic spices. But the Silk Road was much...


The Dawn of Domestication: How Humans and Animals First Became Partners
For thousands of years, humans have lived alongside domesticated animals—dogs, cats, cows, sheep, and more. But how did this incredible...


The Opium Wars: When Trade, Power, and Addiction Collided
Introduction In the 19th century, two major conflicts—known as the First and Second Opium Wars —forever changed the fate of China and...


Why Jupiter Is the Solar System’s Unsung Hero
It didn’t save the Earth in a Marvel movie—but it just might have in real life. When we look up at the night sky, we’re often drawn to...


The Indus Valley Civilization: A Glimpse into One of the World's Oldest Urban Cultures
When we think of the cradles of ancient civilization, names like Egypt and Mesopotamia often come to mind. Yet nestled in the...


The Formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885: Aims, Objectives, and Role in India’s Freedom Struggle
Introduction How Was the Indian National Congress Formed? The INC was founded on December 28, 1885, at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College...


What is Economics?
Economics is a social science concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It studies how...


Data Embassies in India: The Future of Data Diplomacy and Privacy
The digital age has brought forth countless advancements that shape how we interact, conduct business, and even govern our nations. One...


State of Forest Report of India
India's natural resources include forests, which are crucial for preserving the nation's ecological balance. The Forest Survey of India...


Anatolian Plate - Turkey Earthquake
Introduction A large portion of Turkey and parts of the surrounding area are covered by the tectonic plate known as the Anatolian Plate....


Flood Governance in India
Introduction With an average of 75 million people affected by floods each year, India is one of the nations most prone to flooding in the...


Non Performing Assets (NPAs)
Introduction The Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) problem is a significant obstacle that the Indian banking system must overcome. NPAs, or...


Cut Policy in Indian Budget
What are Cut Motions? Cut motions are a tool the opposition uses to limit government spending in the political and economic context of...


Rare Earth Elements
Introduction The rare earth elements are all metals, and the group is commonly known as the "rare earth metals." Due to their comparable...


Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Introduction According to Asian Development Bank (ADB) ’s working paper, the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) region...


The Green Deal Investment Plan
Introduction In an effort to encourage and grow its green economy, the European Union recently unveiled the "Green Deal Industrial...


The New START Treaty
Introduction Recently, the Russian President announced the suspension of the NEW START Treaty, raising concerns of the beginning of the...


Geographical Indications
What are Geographical Indications? The term "geographical indication" (GI) refers to a type of intellectual property that identifies a...


Cyber Security Policy of India
The National Cyber Security Policy of India was first implemented in 2013, with the intention of establishing a trustworthy and protected...


Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party is a pivotal event in American history that took place in Boston Harbor on December 16, 1773. It is also known as...


Is Matter Around Us Pure? - Class 9 Science Notes
Introduction How do we define pure? The use of word ‘Pure’ in science means that all the constituent particles of a substance are the...


Atoms and Molecules - Class 9 Science Notes
Laws of Chemical Combination Antoine L. Lavoisier laid the foundation of chemical sciences by establishing two important Laws of Chemical...
bottom of page