Introduction
Coined by Joseph Nye in the late 1980s, the term "soft power" refers to the ability of a country to persuade others to do what it wants without force or coercion. It is now widely invoked in foreign policy debates.
It results from the appeal of a nation's political ideas, policies, and culture. Our soft power is strengthened when other people regard our policies as being justified. As nations try to make sense of and adapt to a fast shifting international environment, the soft power resources at their disposal become an increasingly important aspect of the foreign policy.
Nye’s three pillars of soft power are: political values, culture, and foreign policy.
How is it different from Hard Power?
Hard power consists of coercion, such as the use of force, threat, military strength and economic sanctions . Soft power on the other hand refers to the use of positive appeal and persuasion to accomplish foreign policy goals as opposed to the coercive character of hard power. Instead of using the traditional carrot and stick methods of foreign policy, soft power builds networks and appeal.
India and it's Potential
India's image is that of a benign country, confident of its expanding role in the international community in support of democracy, international cooperation, commitment to multilateralism and peaceful negotiations - as an effective way to address shared global challenges.
India is a culturally diverse and is world's largest democracy with a sizable aspirational diaspora.
India's global representation is anchored on the concept of 'unity in diversity,' which is reflective of the vast treasure of cultures and civilizations that continue to fascinate many people around the globe. Traditional, religious, ethno-linguistic, and positive international relations are cited in assessments of India's soft power.
Religion
India is fortunate to be the birthplace of four major religions which includes - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. This acts as an incentive for religiously-motivated people to travel to India. The international media's coverage of the Khumbmela is testimony of the admiration of other nations for India and its centuries-long preservation of values and customs. Religious tourism is a vital aspect in our foreign relations. Tourism can play a major role in building trust and people to people contact.