Indian MUN committees: how to prepare for AIPPM, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha

What are AIPPM, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha committees, and which ones simulate a real House?

The UN’s Getting Started page for Model UN puts one difference plainly: “the United Nations is not a parliament”. The Indian committees in this guide take their setting from Parliament, or from talks among India’s parties.

One organiser’s page expands AIPPM as “All India Political Parties Meet” and calls it “a simulation of a national-level discussion among major Indian political parties.” Another organiser’s committees page lists AIPPM under its Indian committee heading and describes a “simulation of India's democratic parliamentary discourse”, in which delegates take the roles of representatives from India’s political landscape and bring party positions to the committee.

Read side by side, the two pages describe AIPPM in different terms: a discussion among parties, or parliamentary debate that needs “workable legislative coalitions across ideological divides”. That is our reading of these two pages only. Both call the committee a simulation, and neither House’s pages read for this guide name any body called AIPPM.

So AIPPM is a committee format that conferences create, not an official body. No House page read for this guide sets its procedure. The conference’s own guide does, which is why a delegate reads it before anything else.

Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha committees each simulate a real House. The Lok Sabha is the House of the People. Its FAQ page, dated 1 August 2019, says it is called the popular chamber because it is composed of representatives of the people chosen by direct election on the basis of adult suffrage. The Rajya Sabha is the Council of States.

Each House also names its rules, as the table below shows. Our guide to MUN rules of procedure sets out the UN-style rules for comparison.

How do the three committees differ?

The three committee types in this guide’s title. The real-House columns come from each House’s own pages; AIPPM has no real House, so those cells say so.

In the House rows the officer who decides differs: the Speaker in the Lok Sabha, the Chairman under the Rajya Sabha’s question rules. Who plays that part in committee, and with which powers, is the conference’s call; our guide on how to chair an MUN committee covers the chair’s side.

Small details differ too. The Lok Sabha’s business page says 20 starred questions, those for an oral answer, are listed each day; the Rajya Sabha’s business page, and its Rule 51A, say 15. A delegate who carries one House’s practice into the other can get such details wrong, so the next two sections take the Houses one at a time.

Which Lok Sabha procedures can a committee borrow?

The Lok Sabha’s FAQ explains each device below, and gives a rule number for some. Question Hour, Zero Hour and quorum are covered in our guide to youth parliament at school; the others follow, for a committee whose guide allows them.

• Calling attention. With the Speaker’s prior permission, a member calls a Minister’s attention to a matter of urgent public importance, and the Minister may make a brief statement. There is no debate on it when it is made, and it is not put to the vote. Only matters primarily the concern of the Union Government qualify. The FAQ calls it an Indian innovation.
• Motions. A motion is a formal proposal a member makes to get a decision of the House, framed as the mover wants it passed. The FAQ sorts motions into substantive (a self-contained proposal), substitute (moved in place of the original) and subsidiary (dependent on another motion or proceeding).
• Discussion under Rule 193. There is no formal motion, so no vote. The member who gave notice may make a short statement, and members who told the Speaker beforehand may join in. “The Member who raises the discussion has no right of reply,” the FAQ says, and the Minister concerned gives a brief reply at the end.
• Special Mentions, Rule 377. Matters that are not points of order can be raised this way, through a device framed in 1954 for matters of general public interest.
• Point of order. It concerns the interpretation or enforcement of the Rules, a convention or the Articles of the Constitution that regulate the House’s business. It may be raised only on the business before the House at that moment, though the Speaker may permit one between two items of business if it concerns order or the arrangement of business. The Speaker decides, and the decision is final.
• Grave disorder, Rule 375. The Speaker may adjourn the House or suspend the sitting for a time the Speaker names.
• Voting and division. Voting is governed by article 100(1) of the Constitution and Rules 367, 367A, 367AA and 367B. A voice vote is decided by the Ayes or the Noes; a division, by the automatic vote recording equipment, by slips, or by members going into the lobbies, which the FAQ calls obsolete since the machine was installed.
• Casting vote. The Speaker has one in a tie, customarily used to maintain the status quo.

Part of preparing is matching the device to the aim: a statement from a Minister, a discussion without a vote, or a decision of the committee.

What does the Rajya Sabha’s question rule ask of a member?

The Rajya Sabha’s questions page prints the text of its question rules. Unless the Chairman directs otherwise, a question needs at least fifteen clear days’ notice, in writing to the Secretary-General, naming the official designation of the Minister it is addressed to. A member who wants an oral answer distinguishes the question by an asterisk; without one, it is printed in the list for written answers.

Under Rule 43, no more than one starred question by the same member goes on a day’s list for oral answers.

Rule 47 sets the conditions. Its sub-rule (1) allows a question to obtain information on a matter of public importance within the special cognizance of the Minister addressed. Ten of the conditions in its sub-rule (2) make a checklist a delegate can run over every question, in the rule’s own words:

1. “it shall be pointed, specific and confined to one issue only”
2. “it shall not bring in any name or statement not strictly necessary to make the question intelligible”
3. “if it contains a statement the member shall make himself responsible for the accuracy of the statement”
4. “it shall not contain arguments, inferences, ironical expressions, imputations, epithets or defamatory statements”
5. “it shall not ask for an expression of opinion or the solution of an abstract legal question or of a hypothetical proposition”
6. “it shall not ask as to the character or conduct of any person except in his official or public capacity”
7. “it shall not exceed 100 words”
8. “it shall not make or imply a charge of a personal character”
9. “it shall not raise questions of policy too large to be dealt within the limits of an answer to a question”
10. “it shall not refer discourteously to a friendly foreign country”

Using Rule 47 this way is our suggestion; no conference is claimed to adopt it. Its limits fall on what turns a question into a speech.

The Chairman decides. Under Rule 49, the Chairman rules on whether a question, or part of one, is admissible, and may disallow one that, in the Chairman’s opinion, is an abuse of the right of questioning.

Rule 56 allows no discussion on any question or answer during Question Hour. A member called by the Chairman may put a supplementary question to clarify a matter of fact in an answer.

How does a bill move, and what can a committee do with one?

On the Lok Sabha’s legislation page, a Bill is a statute in draft that becomes law only with the approval of both Houses and the President’s assent. A Bill introduced by a Minister is a Government Bill; one introduced by any other member is a Private Member’s Bill.

A Bill has three readings in each House; our guide to youth parliament at school sets out the stages.

The Lok Sabha’s legislation page adds that “almost similar procedure is followed” in the Rajya Sabha for Bills introduced there. A Money Bill, though, cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha, and whether a Bill is a Money Bill is the Speaker’s decision, which is final.

For a committee, the Private Member’s Bill is the natural exercise, since a delegate need not play a Minister to move one. The Rajya Sabha’s legislation page names a Bill’s parts. The Long Title is prefixed in the form “A Bill to”; the Enacting Formula is a short paragraph before the clauses; the Short Title is cited in the first clause.

The Statement of Objects and Reasons is appended to every Bill to explain its purpose briefly, in non-technical language. A blank structure built from those parts:

Our notes on how a bill becomes law in India and on Parliament’s committees follow the real path further.

How can a delegate research a portfolio and speak for it without taking sides?

This section is our suggestion, not any conference’s rule. A portfolio is the role the conference assigns, and its guide says what the role covers.

Speak for the role. The delegate makes the assigned role’s case, whatever the delegate personally thinks, and leaves personal views outside the committee.

Attribute every position. Each claim about what a party or a member holds names a public source. The Rajya Sabha’s business page says its Synopsis is “not an authoritative record of the proceedings” and, for the full text of speeches, points to the Verbatim Proceedings (Uncorrected Debates) or the Official Report (Edited Debates). A delegate cites those.

Invent no quote. A delegate may paraphrase a real person’s public words, with the source beside them, but never puts words in a real person’s mouth.

Keep Rule 47’s limits in speeches. Arguments belong in a speech, but the rule’s other limits carry over: no imputations, epithets or defamatory statements, nothing on any person’s character or conduct except in an official or public capacity, and no charge of a personal character.

To press a point, a delegate can let procedure do it: a starred question asking a Minister for facts, a calling attention, a substantive motion. The conference’s decorum rules set the limits in the room. Our guides to an MUN opening speech and to a strong argument for a school debate help with the speaking itself.

What should a delegate check before the first session?

• For a student in Class 10 or 12, the board’s own date sheet comes first: the conference should sit clear of the examinations.
• Which committee it is: AIPPM, Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha, from the conference’s own page.
• The conference’s guide and rules: which House devices it borrows, who presides and how the committee decides.
• The portfolio: the role assigned, and the public sources it can be argued from.
• The documents due: a position paper, questions in advance or a draft Bill, and in what format.
• The conference’s language rule: which languages speeches may use.
• Three practice pieces: one starred question checked against Rule 47, one point of order, and a Bill outline on the blank structure above.

Where One Young India fits

We run programmes in this area, so weigh this section with that in mind.

One Young India organises Model G20, a simulation of the G20 Leaders’ Summit. Model G20 is an independent educational programme, not affiliated with the G20. It includes food and lodging, and the summit’s page adds: “Includes a year of Learnacy Essential”. Learnacy Essential pays for the tools, the courses and the feedback. It never buys acceptance.

At the summit, each delegate speaks for a world leader: a different format from the three committees above. Delegates write a position paper, work in the Sherpa and Finance tracks and finish with a signed communiqué. The summit is for students in Grades 8 to 12 and is residential: 3 days, on campus in Pune, with the dates and fee on the summit’s page. Delegates arrange their own transportation.

On scholarships, the page says: “Yes. Scholarships are awarded on merit: use ‘Request a scholarship’ below, tick ‘Apply for a merit scholarship’, and write one white paper on our brief.” It adds: “We never ask about family finances.”

A family can ask first through “Register your interest”; that form says “No payment is taken here.” Does a first-timer without experience in Indian committees fit, and may a delegate speak in an Indian language at the summit? The page does not state this; ask before paying.

Refunds follow our Refunds & Cancellations page.

The summit’s free training game, Clear the Brackets, teaches the language that turns a demand into text all 21 members can sign. It opens without an account and drafts G20 text, not a Bill. Train free.

Common questions

What is the full form of AIPPM in MUN?

All India Political Parties Meet, as the organisers’ pages read for this guide expand it: a committee format that conferences create, not an official body.

What is the AIPPM procedure in MUN?

Whatever the conference’s own rules set: no House page read for this guide governs it, and the two organisers’ pages describe the committee differently. Where a conference borrows from Parliament, a delegate reads its guide first, then the Lok Sabha devices and Rajya Sabha question rules above.

What is a portfolio in an AIPPM or Lok Sabha committee?

The role the conference assigns to a delegate. Its guide names the roles, and this page names none. The delegate speaks for that role and attributes every position to a public source.

What agendas come up in Indian committees?

The conference sets them, and this page lists none. For practice, a procedure makes a sound agenda: a round of starred questions, a calling attention, or a Private Member’s Bill on the blank structure above.

How is an AIPPM position paper different?

The conference’s guide decides its format, and this page gives no sample of a party’s position. The paper speaks for the assigned role, with every position attributed; our MUN position paper guide covers the general shape.

Sources

Each House, UN and organiser page below was read on 13 November 2026.

1. Lok Sabha, Frequently Asked Questions on Lok Sabha.
2. Lok Sabha, Legislation, Introduction.
3. Lok Sabha, Business, House Business: Introduction.
4. Rajya Sabha, Questions, Introduction, with its rules of procedure for questions.
5. Rajya Sabha, Legislation, Introduction.
6. Rajya Sabha, Business, House Business: Introduction.
7. Rajya Sabha, About, Procedures.
8. United Nations, Model United Nations, Getting Started with Model United Nations.
9. SIMATS MUN 2026, Committees.
10. VVP MUN, All India Political Parties Meet.
11. One Young India, the summit’s page, the training game’s page and Refunds & Cancellations.

Related

• MUN for beginners in India: what Model UN is, how a conference runs and where to start
• The Union Parliament: ICSE Class 10 notes
• Youth parliament at school: how it works in India and how to prepare
• How to start an MUN club at school: roles, weekly sessions and the first year
• Is MUN good for college applications? What it shows and what it does not